Words, They Mean Things

A Response to Pastor Nino Marques’ Post, “Can Baptists Be Truly Reformed?”

Written by Pastor Chris Cousine

Let me first lay all cards on the table: I was a Reformed Baptist pastor under the umbrella of the North American Mission Board from 2011-2016. I held to the 1689 London Baptist Confession, and honestly got annoyed every time a Reformed or Presbyterian would tell me that Baptists can’t be reformed. I am now a 1646 Westminster Confession holding Presbyterian minister. I have seen both sides of this argument, and when I saw Pastor Marques’ blog post dealing with the subject, I couldn’t resist. Below is an attempt to interact with the blog post in good taste and cheerful disagreement.

First, the good.

Pastor Marques’ clearly distinguishes between General Baptists and Particular Baptists. This is an important distinction and one that cannot be ignored. It is also true that the 1689 Particular Baptists did emerge from the Westminster Reformed world. The 1689 confession is directly modelled (read: plagiarized, but on purpose, they weren’t hiding it) after the Westminster confession. The 1689 is therefore similar in many ways to the Westminster in areas of soteriology, confessional theology, and a covenantal reading of history (more on that in a minute). I would also say a hearty ‘AMEN’ to the assertion that Reformed Baptists and Presbyterians are closer in many ways than the General (Arminian) Baptists.

Now, for the pushback.

The issue isn’t origin, but that of definition. Pastor Marques’ argues that “Reformed Baptists are Reformed by origin, therefore they are truly Reformed.” The problem is that this isn’t how “Reformed” is defined, and historically never has been. To be Reformed incorporated confessional standards, ecclesiastical standards, and sacramental standards. It was never defined by the modern notion of “Calvinism”, confessional similarity or covenant theology in the abstract sense. Furthermore, Reformed was defined by a covenant community, a church constituted by households, and sacraments as covenant signs administered to believers and their children. Here is the rub: You cannot remove the covenant sign from covenant households and somehow still claim to be expressing the same covenant theology. This is not a small difference, but one that plays out in how the covenant functions in history.

When I read from Pastor Marques, “We affirm covenant theology fully while disagreeing on covenant signs and membership.” Respectfully, this assertion is incoherent, because it collapses under its own definitions. These are not peripheral issues in the Reformed world. Covenant membership, covenant signs and covenant administration are the means by which the church is identified. To be clear, children are excluded from visible covenant membership as historically defined in all Baptist circles, regardless of the stripe. With this change alone, the covenant no longer exists or functions as it did from Abraham forward. This definition of “New” swings wildly away from fulfillment of the Old, but into that of redefining the covenant. Think continuity, think household inclusion, think of the covenant signs as God-initiated markers, not merely human responses. Once you’ve redefined the covenant, you have stepped outside of “Covenant Theology”. At best, we might say that ‘Reformed Baptists’ are structurally discontinuous with historic Reformed covenantalism. We are not the same.

So while I would agree that my ‘Reformed Baptist’ brethren are brothers-in-Christ and wonderful additions to the body of Christ, I would have to disagree with the assertion that even ‘Reformed Baptists’ can truly be ‘Reformed’. Words mean things, and while Reformed Baptists are similar to the Reformed churches in many regards, definitionally they do not fit the term ‘Reformed’ in it’s historical sense.

Reformed Baptists are not outsiders, enemies, or theological interlopers. They are our closest cousins. But family resemblance does not erase real differences in how we understand the covenant, the church, and the administration of God’s promises.

The question is not whether Baptists can be Calvinistic, confessional, or covenantal. They can, and many are. The question is whether the historic Reformed tradition can be meaningfully separated from paedobaptism without becoming a closely related but nevertheless distinct ecclesial tradition. I don’t think it can.

From the Pew: On Deer, Owen, and the Forgotten Privilege of Being God’s Children

Be still, and know that I am God ~ Psa. 46:10

Chris Cousine

Jul 10, 2025


Over the past couple of Sundays, I’ve had the distinct pleasure of sitting quietly in the pews of two different congregations—first with the local Anglican parish, and more recently at a PCA (Presbyterian Church in America) service. I wasn’t there to preach, or to teach, or to be “on.” I was simply there to worship. To sit with the saints of God, to hear the Word read and proclaimed, to receive the Supper, and to rest in the rhythms of historic Christian liturgy.

Have you ever had that “panting of the deer” moment? That longing for spiritual refreshment so acute you feel it in your bones? That sense that, more than another podcast or theological book or conversation, what you need is simply to be fed? That was me. I’ve been craving that kind of soul nourishment for a while now—something deeper than analysis or busyness or spiritual multitasking. I needed to sit, and be still, and be reminded.

And God, in His kindness, gave me exactly that.

During one of those services the pastor quoted a line I hadn’t heard or thought about in some time. It was from John Owen:

“Our great problem is not lack of effort, but unacquaintedness with our privileges.”

I nearly wrote it down right there and then.

That line hit me like a freight train. Owen, in his typically dense yet piercing fashion, had named a key reason so many Christians live defeated, discouraged, or distracted lives. It’s not that we aren’t trying. In fact, most Christians I know are trying very hard. We read the Bible. We pray. We serve. We confess. We go to church. We desire to be godly. And yet for many, the Christian life still feels like a grind—like striving uphill in the rain with a sack of guilt slung over your shoulder.

But what if Owen is right? What if the problem isn’t our effort, but our forgetfulness? What if the gap isn’t in our willpower, but in our awareness?

Do You Know Your Privileges?

When was the last time you meditated not just on what God requires of you—but on what He has given you in Christ? On what it means to be called a son or daughter of the Most High? On the reality of your adoption, your union with Christ, your access to the Father, your sealing with the Spirit, your inheritance, your future glory?

There’s a strange irony here. The New Testament is saturated with language about our privileges in Christ. We are heirs. Citizens of heaven. Partakers of divine nature. Ambassadors. A royal priesthood. More than conquerors. We are no longer slaves, but friends. We are seated with Christ in heavenly places. And yet, how easily we forget.

Instead of living as sons, we often live like orphans—trying to prove ourselves, earn our keep, or perform our way into God’s approval. Instead of resting in what Christ has done, we anxiously re-climb the mountain He already conquered. We become spiritual amnesiacs, working to obtain what is already ours.

This is not a new problem. It’s as old as Eden. Adam and Eve were surrounded by blessing, yet the serpent convinced them they were missing out. And ever since, Satan’s lie has been the same: “God is holding out on you. You’re not really secure. You’re not really loved. You’d better do more. Try harder. Be better.”

And we believe it. Not theologically, perhaps—but practically. We forget our privileges. And so we live like paupers while holding the title to the estate.

Would Anything Change If We Remembered?

What if we actually believed the gospel—not just for entry into the Christian life, but for every ordinary day?

Would our demeanor shift if we remembered we are sons and daughters of the King—not slaves, not spiritual employees, not cosmic disappointments-in-progress? Would our sin struggles lose some of their pull if we grasped the riches we already have in Christ?

C.S. Lewis put it this way:

“It would seem that Our Lord finds our desires not too strong, but too weak. We are half-hearted creatures, fooling about with drink and sex and ambition when infinite joy is offered us—like an ignorant child who wants to go on making mud pies in a slum because he cannot imagine what is meant by the offer of a holiday at the sea.”

We keep going back to the mud. Not because the sea is closed—but because we’ve forgotten it exists.

We’re not talking about “positive thinking” or “name-it-and-claim-it” prosperity nonsense. We’re talking about biblical privilege—the kind that comes from being united to Christ. The kind that changes how we pray, how we suffer, how we view temptation, how we treat others, how we walk through the valley of the shadow of death.

We’ve been blessed with every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places (Eph. 1:3). But we live like spiritual beggars.

Instead of Trying Harder, What If We Remembered Better?

Yes, effort matters. Discipline matters. Sanctification is not passive. But Owen reminds us that effort divorced from assurance, obedience divorced from adoption, will always lead to exhaustion.

Perhaps the way forward is not to beat ourselves up with more religious effort—but to begin embracing the reality of what we already are in Christ. Perhaps the answer is not to “do more,” but to remember more.

We don’t become holy by sheer grit. We grow in holiness by walking in step with the Spirit—by daily remembering who we are in Jesus and living accordingly.

So here’s a question worth pondering: What would change today if you truly believed you are already beloved, already accepted, already secure?

And here’s another: What practices—what liturgies of remembering—might help you meditate not just on what you must do, but on what you have?

I’m not sure what this will look like for you. For me, it’s meant slowing down in my devotional reading to actually meditate, not just consume. It’s meant incorporating reminders of my adoption into prayer—starting not with “Lord, I’m sorry,” but with “Father, thank You.” It’s meant learning to respond to spiritual dryness not with guilt-driven striving, but with grace-fueled remembering.

It’s still a work in progress.

But I’m convinced Owen is right. Our problem is not merely our sin. It’s our forgetfulness. Our unacquaintedness with our privileges.

May God grant us grace to remember.

And to live accordingly.

They Got into the Boats and Went After Jesus

Scripture: John 6:24 (ESV) – “So when the crowd saw that Jesus was not there, nor his disciples, they themselves got into the boats and went to Capernaum, seeking Jesus.”

This verse presents an image of pursuit. The crowd, realizing Jesus is no longer where they last saw Him, gets into boats and goes after Him. At first glance, this seems commendable—they are seeking Jesus. But as the verses that follow will reveal, their motive is misaligned: they are not seeking Him as Lord, but as provider of more bread.

Martin Bucer highlights this dangerous confusion: “Quaerunt Iesum, sed ventrem sequuntur, non veritatem”—“They seek Jesus, but follow their stomachs, not the truth.” Their zeal is genuine, but not godly. They are driven not by a hunger for righteousness, but by a hunger for more benefits.

This moment confronts us with a vital question: Why do we seek Jesus? Outward pursuit can look spiritual—traveling, searching, gathering—but if the inward motive is comfort, gain, or personal agenda, we are not yet disciples. Jesus is not a tool to secure what we love most; He is the treasure Himself.

Still, Christ meets this misguided pursuit not with anger, but with correction. He will soon speak hard truths to test their hearts. For now, the boats set out—not toward empty religion, but toward a reckoning with the real Jesus.

Reflection Questions:

  1. What does this verse suggest about the nature of spiritual pursuit—and its potential for both sincerity and error?
  2. In what ways are you tempted to seek Jesus for what He can give, rather than for who He is?
  3. How can you grow in seeking Christ with a heart that longs for truth more than comfort?

Prayer:

Lord Jesus, I want to seek You truly—not for what You give, but for who You are. Guard me from shallow pursuit or selfish motives. Cleanse my heart, and make me hungry not for more bread, but for the Bread of Life. Amen.

This devotional is based on John 6:24, with interpretive insight from Martin Bucer’s pastoral warnings about worldly zeal masking spiritual poverty.

Other Boats Came Near

Scripture: John 6:23 (ESV) – “Other boats from Tiberias came near the place where they had eaten the bread after the Lord had given thanks.”

This verse might seem like a passing logistical note, but it carries theological weight when read carefully. Boats from Tiberias arrive—drawn to the very location where the miracle of bread had occurred, and where Jesus had given thanks. The focus is not merely on geography, but on memory and motivation: they are drawn to the place of provision, not yet to the person who provided.

Martin Bucer reflects that people often flock to the echo of a miracle more readily than they cling to the miracle’s purpose. “Ad loca currunt, sed non ad fidem”—“They run to the places, but not to faith.” These seekers return to the spot where something remarkable had happened, but their hearts are not yet moved toward deeper trust in Christ.

The mention of Jesus giving thanks is subtle, but meaningful. It anchors the miracle not in spectacle, but in reverent obedience and communion with the Father. The crowd may remember the abundance, but John points us to the One who gave thanks before He gave bread. In doing so, we’re reminded that the heart of this miracle wasn’t power—it was dependence and divine mission.

This verse challenges us to consider what draws us to Jesus. Is it the memory of past blessings? The comfort of a familiar place? Or are we seeking the living Christ—not just where He once was, but where He now calls us to trust?

Reflection Questions:

  1. Why might people return to the place of a miracle even if Jesus is no longer there?
  2. Are there times you’ve sought spiritual experiences or memories rather than seeking Christ Himself?
  3. What does this verse teach about the difference between following signs and following the Savior?

Prayer:

Lord Jesus, don’t let me seek You only in memories or familiar places. Teach me to follow You wherever You lead—not just back to blessings, but forward in faith. Help me to love not the signs, but the One they reveal. Amen.

This devotional is based on John 6:23, shaped by Martin Bucer’s reflections on how people pursue the traces of God’s work without embracing its truth.

The Crowd Remains, but Jesus Is Gone

Scripture: John 6:22 (ESV) – “On the next day the crowd that remained on the other side of the sea saw that there had been only one boat there, and that Jesus had not entered the boat with his disciples, but that his disciples had gone away alone.”

The next day brings confusion and curiosity. The crowd that had been miraculously fed is still searching—not out of faith, but from desire for more signs, more food, more power. They know the disciples left in the only boat. They know Jesus wasn’t in it. And yet, He is no longer there.

This moment reveals a deep truth: Christ will not stay where He is misunderstood and misused. The crowds want a provider, a political savior, a miracle-worker. But Jesus has withdrawn—not because He is unwilling to save, but because He will not be redefined by worldly desires.

Martin Bucer notes that this confusion is rooted in carnal expectation. “Quaerunt Iesum, sed non spiritualiter; notant navem, sed non credunt virtutem”—“They seek Jesus, but not spiritually; they observe the boat, but they do not believe the power.” They measure by sight and logic, unaware that divine presence moves beyond what human eyes can track.

This verse challenges us to ask: are we seeking Christ because of who He is, or because of what we want from Him? When He moves in ways we don’t understand—when He’s no longer where we thought He’d be—will we trust His wisdom or demand our version of Him?

Reflection Questions:

  1. Why is it significant that the crowd notices Jesus wasn’t in the boat, but can’t explain His absence?
  2. Are there ways you’ve been seeking Christ more for benefits than for relationship?
  3. How do you respond when Christ leads in a way that surprises or confuses you?

Prayer:

Lord Jesus, when You move beyond my expectations, help me not to doubt but to trust. Give me a heart that seeks You for who You are, not just what You give. Teach me to follow You, even when I don’t fully understand the way You’ve gone. Amen.

This devotional is based on John 6:22, with pastoral insight drawn from Martin Bucer’s exposition on the contrast between worldly pursuit and true spiritual seeking.

They Were Glad to Take Him In

Scripture: John 6:21 (ESV) – “Then they were glad to take him into the boat, and immediately the boat was at the land to which they were going.”

After fear, after darkness, after the storm—joy breaks through. As soon as the disciples recognize Jesus and hear His words, their fear gives way to gladness. They welcome Him into the boat, and the moment He is with them, the journey is complete.

Your sermon draws attention to the quiet miracle within the miracle: not only does Jesus walk on water and calm their fears, but He brings them immediately to their destination. The storm ceases. The distance vanishes. What had been exhausting becomes effortless—because Christ is now with them.

Martin Bucer comments that Christ’s presence is not just protective, but transformative. “Cum Christus receptus est, spes perficitur”—“When Christ is received, hope is fulfilled.” Bucer reminds us that faith is not just believing that Jesus exists—but receiving Him with joy in the midst of fear and weakness.

This verse is a picture of salvation. Christ comes to us when we are weary, afraid, and far from shore. When we receive Him—not reluctantly, but gladly—He brings us safely home. The journey doesn’t always end in that moment, but the fear does.

Reflection Questions:

  1. What changed for the disciples once they received Jesus into the boat?
  2. Are there areas in your life where you’re still struggling on your own instead of gladly receiving Christ’s presence?
  3. What would it look like today to welcome Jesus more fully into the storms you’re facing?

Prayer:

Lord Jesus, when You come near, fear flees and joy enters in. Help me not to hesitate, not to resist, but to receive You gladly. Be with me in the boat—in the middle of the storm—and bring me to the place You’ve prepared. In You, the journey finds its end. Amen.

This devotional is based on John 6:21, shaped by the insights of Pastor Chris Cousine’s sermon and the pastoral wisdom of Martin Bucer.

It Is I; Do Not Be Afraid

Scripture: John 6:20 (ESV) – “But he said to them, ‘It is I; do not be afraid.’”

The storm rages. The disciples are exhausted, fearful, and confused by the figure approaching them on the waves. Then, through the wind and terror, Jesus speaks: “It is I; do not be afraid.” With these few words, fear begins to give way to recognition—and recognition to peace.

In the Greek, “It is I” (ἐγώ εἰμι, egō eimi) is more than a casual introduction. It echoes the divine name revealed to Moses at the burning bush (“I AM”, Ex. 3:14). Jesus is not just calming their nerves—He is revealing His divine presence. He is the One who commands the waters, who walks above chaos, and who comes to His people in their distress.

Your sermon beautifully draws out the pastoral tenderness of Christ’s voice. He doesn’t rebuke them for their fear—He reassures them with His presence. His command—“do not be afraid”—is not grounded in changed circumstances (the storm is still raging), but in who is speaking.

Martin Bucer highlights the dual grace in Christ’s words: divine authority and comforting compassion. “Ego sum, id est, Deus praesens; nolite timere, id est, consolatio promissa”—“I am: that is, God is present; do not fear: that is, His comfort is sure.” We are not commanded to be brave in ourselves, but to rest in the One who is near.

Reflection Questions:

  1. How do Christ’s words “It is I” speak to both His identity and His care?
  2. What fears are you carrying that could be relieved by remembering His presence?
  3. What difference does it make that Jesus speaks into the storm before He stills it?

Prayer:

Lord Jesus, in the chaos of life, speak again to my heart: “It is I; do not be afraid.” Remind me that Your presence is stronger than my fear and Your voice greater than the wind. Help me trust not in the quiet of the sea, but in the certainty of who You are. Amen.

This devotional is based on John 6:20, drawn from Pastor Chris Cousine’s sermon and enriched by Martin Bucer’s reflections on the presence and voice of Christ in the storm.

They Saw Jesus Walking on the Sea

Scripture: John 6:19 (ESV) – “When they had rowed about three or four miles, they saw Jesus walking on the sea and coming near the boat, and they were frightened.”

After hours of struggling in darkness, the disciples are physically exhausted and emotionally strained. Then, in the midst of their fear, they see something that unsettles them even more: Jesus, walking on the sea, drawing near. Instead of immediate comfort, they are terrified.

Your sermon powerfully highlights the emotional realism of this moment. Jesus came to them—but not in a way they expected or immediately understood. His approach didn’t soothe at first—it startled. Sometimes God’s help frightens us because it arrives in ways we didn’t ask for or imagine.

Martin Bucer notes that this event reveals Christ’s sovereignty over nature and the limits of human perception. “Fides discit non per visum iudicare, sed per verbum”—“Faith learns not to judge by sight, but by the Word.” The disciples see something extraordinary, and their fear reminds us that raw sight is not always clarity. True understanding comes when faith interprets what the eyes behold.

This verse comforts us in seasons where Jesus seems distant—and then approaches in ways that challenge our expectations. We might not recognize Him at first, but He is there. He comes not only to still the sea, but to transform our fear into faith.

Reflection Questions:

  1. Why do you think the disciples were frightened when they saw Jesus coming?
  2. Have you ever experienced Jesus showing up in an unexpected or unsettling way? What did you learn?
  3. How can you grow in trusting Christ’s presence—even when He comes in unfamiliar form?

Prayer:

Lord Jesus, help me not to fear when You come in ways I don’t expect. Teach me to trust that You are always near, even when I don’t recognize You at first. Strengthen my heart to believe not just in what I see, but in what You’ve promised. Amen.

This devotional is based on John 6:19, drawing from Pastor Chris Cousine’s sermon and supported by Martin Bucer’s reflections on faith in the face of fear.

The Sea Became Rough

Scripture: John 6:18 (ESV) – “The sea became rough because a strong wind was blowing.”

The disciples are now fully in the storm. What began with a quiet departure into the dark has become a struggle against rising waves and relentless wind. They are not in this storm because they disobeyed—but precisely because they followed. This is the path Jesus sent them on.

Your sermon insightfully observes that the storm is not a detour—it’s the setting for the next revelation of Christ. The sea, unpredictable and uncontrollable, becomes the very stage on which Jesus will display both His power and His presence. The danger is real, but so is the purpose.

Martin Bucer draws out the disciples’ experience as a pattern for the church. “Tempestas fideles non absorbet, sed probat”—“The storm does not swallow the faithful; it proves them.” The winds that test their strength are also preparing their hearts for the glory that is about to draw near.

This verse reminds us that storms are not always signs of judgment. Sometimes they are the backdrop for grace. Jesus does not always still the storm before He comes—but He always comes. And He uses the wind and waves not to destroy, but to deepen our dependence.

Reflection Questions:

  1. Why is it important to recognize that the disciples faced the storm in obedience, not disobedience?
  2. What storms in your life have tested your faith—but also prepared you to see Christ more clearly?
  3. How can this verse encourage you to persevere when the winds of life rise against you?

Prayer:

Lord Jesus, when the seas grow rough and the winds press hard against me, help me to remember that You have not lost sight of me. Use even the storms to deepen my faith. Let me trust You in the chaos, and wait in hope for Your arrival. Amen.

This devotional is based on John 6:18, drawing from Pastor Chris Cousine’s sermon and Martin Bucer’s reflections on storms as instruments of grace.

The Darkness Had Come, and Jesus Had Not Yet Come

Scripture: John 6:17 (ESV) – “[The disciples] got into a boat and started across the sea to Capernaum. It was now dark, and Jesus had not yet come to them.”

This verse deepens the tension: the disciples are now on the sea, the light has faded, and Jesus is still absent. It’s a picture not only of a physical crossing but of a spiritual reality—walking in obedience during uncertainty, surrounded by darkness, unsure of what’s next.

Your sermon rightly draws attention to John’s deliberate imagery. He isn’t rushing to the miracle—he’s helping us feel the weight of what it means to be between Christ’s instruction and His arrival. The disciples are not rebelling. They are doing what they know to do. And yet, the light is gone, the winds are coming, and Christ has not yet come.

Martin Bucer comments on this passage with particular sensitivity, noting how Christ often allows His people to feel abandonment in order to train their trust. He writes, “Saepius discipulos suos in noctem mittit, ut luce se illustret”—“He often sends His disciples into night, so that He may illuminate them with His light.” The delay is not neglect—it is a prelude to revelation.

This verse speaks directly to all who have walked in obedient faith, only to find themselves surrounded by difficulty and silence. “Jesus had not yet come”—but the key word is yet. He is not absent. He is on His way. And the darkness, however long it lasts, will not have the final word.

Reflection Questions:

  1. Why do you think John emphasizes both the darkness and Jesus’ absence in this moment?
  2. Have you ever found yourself in a place of obedience where Christ “had not yet come”? What sustained you?
  3. How can this verse help prepare your heart to wait faithfully for Christ’s timing?

Prayer:

Lord, I confess I struggle in the waiting. When the darkness sets in and You have not yet come, I am tempted to fear and doubt. But help me remember that Your delays are not Your absence. Teach me to trust You in the waiting, to row in faith, and to watch for Your coming. Amen.

This devotional is based on John 6:17, developed from Pastor Chris Cousine’s sermon and supported by the pastoral reflections of Martin Bucer.